牙体牙髓病学(山东大学首批国际化专业建设课程)
适用课程: 牙体牙髓病学(0243202210),牙体牙髓病学(sd02430480)【访问量:90546】

 

The syllabus of Cariology,Endodontology and Operative Dentistry

 

(The fourth edition)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oral medical school of Shandong University

 

The teaching and research department of oral medicine

 

 

May of 2013

 

 

 

 

 

The course’s serial number: 0243202210

Hour of credit: 2.5

Teaching hour: 40

Experimental hour: 80

Suitable major: The five-year/seven-year Stomatology

Editor: Wang Qing , Xiong Shijiang

Chief umpire: Wang Qing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Table one: allocation of teaching hours for theories

Chapters

Teaching Content

Teaching hours

Chapter one  

General description

1

Chapter two

Etiology and process of dental caries

3

Chapter three

Clinical manifestations and detective technique of dental caries

2

Chapter four

Treatment of dental caries

4

Chapter five

Amalgam alloy restoration

2

Chapter six

Adhesive restoration for teeth defect

4

Chapter seven

Dysplasiadentalis and discoloration of teeth

2

Chapter eight

Tooth trauma 

1

Chapter nine

Chronic injury of teeth

0.6

Chapter ten

Dentinal hypersensitivity 

0.2

Chapter eleven

The treatment of non-carious disease of dental hard tissue

0.2

Chapter twelve

Physiological characteristics of pulpal and periapical tissues

2

Chapter thirteen

The etiology and pathogenesis

1

Chapter fourteen

The history-taking and clinical examination

1

Chapter fifteen

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of pulpal diseases

2

Chapter sixteen

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of periapical lesions   

2

Chapter seventeen

Treatment overview of pulpal disease and periapical lesions

2

Chapter eighteen

Vital pulp therapy and apexification

2

Chapter nineteen

Root canal therapy

1

Chapter  wenty

The anatomy of pulp cavity and access cavity preparation

1

Chapter twenty-one

Root canal preparation and intracanal medicaments

2

Chapter twenty-two 

 Root canal filling 

     1

Chapter  twenty-three

Microscopic root canal therapy and endodontic surgery

    1

Chapter twenty-four

The complications of root canal therapy and root canal retreatment

1.5

Chapter twenty-five

Dental restoration after root canal therapy 

0.5

Total teaching hour:40

 

Table two: allocation of teaching hours for experiments

 

Experiment order

Experiment content

Teaching hour

1

The use of the treatment chair, knowledge of oral instruments and basic examination methods

 

4

2

Preparation of Class Ⅰ、Ⅱ cavity on plaster model

4

3

Preparation of Class Ⅲ、Ⅴ cavity on plaster

model

4

4

Preparation of Class Ⅰ、Ⅱ cavity on simulated head model

4

5

Preparation of Class Ⅲ、Ⅴ cavity on simulated  head  model

4

6

Preparation of Class Ⅰ、Ⅱ cavity in extracted  teeth on simulated head model

4

7

Preparation of Class Ⅲ、Ⅴ cavity in extracted teeth on simulated head model

4

8

Rubber dam isolation

4

9

Filling of ClassⅠ、Ⅱcavity on simulated teeth and extracted teeth

4

10

Adhesive  restoration

4

11

Preparation of cavity and filling (clinical novitiate)

4

12

Access cavity preparation of maxillary teeth

4

13

Access cavity preparation of mandibular teeth

4

14

Pulp capping and pulpotomy

4

15

Root canal therapy——in extracted teeth with single root canal

4

16

Root canal therapy ——in extracted teeth with multi-root canal

4

17

Root canal therapy

4

18

Endodontic surgery

4

19

Application of surgical microscopes in endodontic treatment

4

20

Noviciate of pulp and periapical diseases

4

Total teaching hour:80

1. The status, role and task of this course

Cariology, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry is an important clinical course of stomatology, the study of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of dental caries, non-carious disease of dental hard tissue, pulp diseases and periapical lesions. Considering caries is one of the most common human diseases and meanwhile, pulp diseases or periapical lesions are main causes of acute pain in patients with oral diseases, grasping the basic theory, occurrence, development, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of these diseases is the basic requirement for the oral medical students and oral physicians.

Through the study of basic theory of Cariology, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry , the basic clinical skill training and clinical practice, students can grasp the basic knowledge, theories and skills of this major . This course not only combines teaching with practice but also introduces the development and academic frontier of scientific research and clinical development at domestic and abroad. The course includes lectures, operation training, electronic teaching, clinical novitiate, clinical practice, problem based learning and examinations.

2. The basic content of this course

 Cariology , Endodontology and Operative Dentistry is an important clinical course of stomatology, the study of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of dental caries, non-carious disease of dental hard tissue, pulp diseases and periapical lesions. It contains general description, etiology and process of dental caries, clinical manifestations and detective techniques of dental caries, treatment of dental caries, amalgam alloy restoration, adhesive restoration for tooth defect, dysplasiadentalis and discoloration of teeth, tooth trauma, chronic injury of teeth, dentinal hypersensitivity, the treatment of non-carious disease of dental hard tissue, physiological characteristics of pulpal and periapical tissues, the etiology and pathogenesis, the history-taken and clinical examination, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of pulp diseases, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of periapical lesions, treatment overview of pulpal diseases and periapical lesions, vital pulp therapy and apexification, root canal therapy, the anatomy of pulp cavity and access cavity preparation, root canal preparation and intracanal medicaments, root canal filling, microscopic root canal therapy and endodontic surgery, the complications of root canal therapy and root canal retreatment, dental restoration after root canal therapy.

 

3. Basic requirement of the course teaching

 

PART ONE        CARIOLOGY

Chapter One   General Description

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the concept and characteristics of dental caries.

2. Grasp the most common teeth and position of dental caries.

3. Comprehend the research content of cariology.

4. Comprehend the approaches of evaluation on the epidemiology of dental caries.

5. Comprehend the epidemiology of dental caries in modern people.

6. Acquaint with the history of cariology.

[Teaching Content]

1. The definition and characteristics of dental caries.

2. Grasp the most common teeth and position of dental caries.

3. Comprehend the research content of cariology.

4. Comprehend the approaches of evaluation on the epidemiology of dental caries.

5. Comprehend the epidemiology of dental caries in modern people.

6. Acquaint with the history of cariology.

The first section   The concept of dental caries

1. The definition and characteristics of dental caries

2. The history of dental caries

3. The research content of caries epidemiology.

 

The second section   Epidemiology of dental caries

1.Evaluation method

2. Caries predilection sites

3.Modern peoples prevalence state

4.Epidemic trend

Chapter Two    Etiology and Process of Dental Caries

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the formation of dental plaque.

2. Grasp cariogenic microorganisms and their properties leading to dental caries.

3. Grasp mechanisms of carious process.

4. Comprehend the diet, parasitifer and the immune factors relating to dental caries

5. Acquaint with the rest of factors affecting dental caries.

[Teaching Content]

1. The formation of dental plaque.

2. Cariogenic microorganisms and their properties leading to dental caries.

3. Mechanisms of carious process.

4. Diet, parasitifer and the immune factors relating to dental caries

5. The other factors affecting dental caries.

The first section     Dental plaque

1. The structure of the dental plaque

2. The composition of plaque

3. The formation and development of dental plaque

4. Dental plaque of microbiology

5. Dental plaque metabolism

6. Dental plaque to caries

The second section    Dietary factors

1.Carbohydrates

2.Protein

3.Lipid

4.Vitamin

5.Inorganic salt

The third section    Parasitifer

1.Teeth

2.Saliva

3.Immunity

The fourth section      The other factors affecting the development of caries

1.Age

2.Sex

3.Race

4.Family

5.Geographical factors

The fifth section     Etiology

1.Endogenous theory

2.Exogenous theory

3. Proteolysis theory

4. Proteolysis-chelation theory

5. Miller chemo-parasitic theory

6. Tetragenous factors theory

7. The generalized caries disease ecology hypothesis

Chapter Three    Clinical Manifestations and Detective Technique of Dental Caries

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp clinical manifestations, detective techniques and diagnostic criteria of dental caries.

2. Comprehend clinical classification of dental caries.

3. Acquaint with the pathology of dental caries.

[Teaching Content]

1. Clinical manifestations, detective techniques and diagnostic criteria of dental caries.

2. Clinical classification of dental caries.

3. Pathology of dental caries.

The first section    The pathological process of dental caries

1.Caries of enamel

2.Caries of dentin

3.Caries of cementum

4.Demineralization and remineralization

The second section    Manifestations and classification of dental caries

1 Classification of caries according to situation and progress

2.Classification of caries according to anatomical situs

3.Classification of caries according to the depth of the lesion

The third section   The diagnose of dental caries

1. Diagnostic methods

2. Diagnostic criteria

Chapter Four     Treatment of Dental Caries

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp non-operative treatments of dental hard tissue diseases.

2. Grasp treatments of deep caries and root caries.

3. Grasp principles of dental restoration and selection of restorative material.

4. Comprehend classification and structure of the cavity.

5. Acquaint with the biological basis of dental restoration.

[Teaching Content]

1. Non-operative treatments of dental hard tissue diseases.

2. Treatments of deep caries and root caries.

3. Principles of dental restoration and selection of restorative material.

4. Classification and structure of the cavity.

5. The biological basis of dental restoration.

The first section Non-surgical treatment

1. Drug treatment

2. Remineralizative therapy

3. Preventive resin restoration

The second section   The biological basis of tooth repair treatment

1. Enamel

2. Pulpodentinal complex

3.Cementum

4.Periodontium

The third section   Dental restoration and the principles of material selection

1. The principles of dental restoration

2. The principles of the choice of filling material

The forth section    The classification and structure of cavity

1. The classification of cavity

2. The naming of cavity

3. The structure of cavity

The fifth section     The treatment of deep caries

1. The treatment principles of deep caries

2. The treatment method of deep caries

3. The treatment strategies of deep caries

The sixth section     The treatment of root caries

1. The clinical characteristics of root caries

Chapter Five       Amalgam Alloy Restoration

[Aims and Demands]  

1. Grasp basic principles of cavity preparation.

2. Grasp basic process of cavity preparation.

3. Grasp indications of amalgam alloy restoration.

4. Comprehend complications and management in operative treatment.

5. Comprehend main points in preparing different cavities with amalgam alloy restoration.

6. Acquaint with mixing of amalgam alloy.

7. Acquaint with mercury contamination and precautions.

[Teaching Content]

1. Basic principles of cavity preparation.

2. Basic process of cavity preparation.

3. Indications of amalgam alloy restoration.

4. Complications and management in operative treatment.

5. Main points in preparing different cavities with amalgam alloy restoration.

6. Mixing of amalgam alloy.

7. Mercury contamination and precautions.

The first section    Principles of cavity preparation

1.Clean the carious tooth tissues

2.Protect the pulp

3. Try to keep healthy tooth tissue

4. Pay attention to the patients with systemic conditions

The second section    The basic steps of cavity preparation

1.Prepare the shape of cavity

2.Prepare the cavity without pain

3.Isolate the Operation area

4.Disinfection of cavity

5.Cavity sealing, lining, basing

The third section    Amalgam alloy restoration

1.Indications

2.Preparation requirements of cavity

3. The points of all kinds of cavity preparation with amalgam alloy

4. The modulation of amalgam alloy

5.Filling of amalgam alloy

6.Mercury contamination and prevention

The forth section   Complications in the treatment of dental caries and its management

1.Accidental dental pulp exposure

2.Postoperative pain

3. Filling body break, fall off

4.Tooth fracture

5. Secondary caries

Chapter Six    Adhesive Restoration for Teeth Defect

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of composite resin.

2.Grasp types, mechanism and clinical choice of dentin adhesive.

3. Grasp clinical process of direct composite resin adhesive restorations.

4. Grasp direct composite resin adhesive restorations for anterior teeth with class cavity.

5.grasp direct composite resin adhesive restorations for molar teeth with class, classcavity.

6. Comprehend enamel adhesive and its mechanism.

7. Comprehend properties of composite resin and factors affecting the composite resin.

8. Comprehend clinical application of glass-ionomer and its compounds.

9. Comprehend direct composite resin adhesive restorations for anterior teeth with class cavity.

10. Comprehend reasons for failure of direct composite resin adhesive restorations for molar teeth.

11. Acquaint with the development process of dental adhesive.

12. Acquaint with the properties of composite resin, glass-ionomer and its compounds for dental restoration.

[Teaching Content]

1. Indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of composite resin.

2. Types, mechanism and clinical choice of dentin adhesive.

3. Clinical process of direct composite resin adhesive restorations.

4. Direct composite resin adhesive restorations for anterior teeth with class cavity.

5. Direct composite resin adhesive restorations for molar teeth with class , cavity.

6. Enamel adhesive and its mechanism.

7. Properties of composite resin and factors affecting the composite resin.

8. Clinical application of glass-ionomer and its compounds.

9. Direct composite resin adhesive restorations for anterior teeth with class cavity.

10. Reasons for failure of direct composite resin adhesive restorations for molar teeth.

11. The development process of dental adhesive.

12. The properties of composite resin , glass-ionomer and its compounds for dental restoration.

The first section    The principles of adhesive restorations

1.General description

2. Enamel adhesive

3. Dentin adhesive

The second section    Tooth-colored restorative materials

1.Composite resins

2.Glass-ionomer cement

3.Compomer

The third section    Composite resin adhesive restorations

1. General description

2. Preparation process

3. Tooth preparation and the pulp protection

4. The placement of matrix

5. Adhesive

6. Composite resin filling
7.Light cure of composite

8. Modification and polishing of the restoration

The forth section   Composite resin adhesive restorations of anterior teeth

1. General description

2. Clinical technology of class cavity’s direct restorations

3. Clinical technology of class cavity’s direct restorations

4. Clinical technology of class cavity’s direct restorations

The fifth section    Composite resin adhesive restorations of posterior teeth

1.General description

2.Clinical technology of class cavity’s direct restorations

3.Clinical technology of class cavity’s direct restorations

4.Sandwich technique of class cavity

5.The reason for the failure of the posterior teeth’s direct restorations

 

PART TWO   NON-CARIOUS DISEASE OF DENTAL HARD TISUUE

Chapter Seven   Dysplasiadentalis and Discoloration of Teeth

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp discoloration of teeth, especially the pathogenesis and the prevention principles of dental fluorosis.

2. Grasp the classification and diagnostic criteria of the discoloration of teeth.

3. Comprehend the prevention and treatment principles of abnormal central cusp.

4. Acquaint with the etiology and types of dysplasiadentalis.

5. Acquaint with the etiology and types of dentinogenesis imperfect.

6. Acquaint with the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of syphilitic teeth.

[Teaching Content]

1. Discoloration of teeth, especially the pathogenesis and the prevention principles of dental fluorosis.

2. Classification and diagnostic criteria of the discoloration of teeth.

3. Prevention and treatment principles of abnormal central cusp.

4. The etiology and types of dysplasiadentalis.

5. The etiology and types of dentinogenesis imperfect.

6. Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of syphilitic teeth.

The first section   Dental dysplasia and abnormal structure

1. Enamel hypoplasia

2. Hereditary dentine disorders

3. Congenital syphilitic teeth

The second section    Discoloration of teeth

1. Dental fluorosis

2. Tetracycline stained teeth

The third section   Morphological abnormalities of teeth

1. Microdontia, macrodontia, conic shaped teeth

2. Fused teeth, geminated teeth, concrescence of teeth

3. Abnormal central cusp

4. Dens invaginatus

5. Enamel pearl

The fourth section   Tooth number abnormality

1. Premature eruption

2. Delayed eruption

Chapter Eight   Tooth Trauma

[Aims and Demands]

Grasp the types of dental trauma and the principles of treatment.

 

[Teaching Content]

The types of dental trauma and the principles of treatment.

The first section      Concussion of the teeth

The second section   Dislocation of the teeth

The third section      Tooth fracture

Chapter Nine   Chronic Injury of Teeth

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the concept of abrasion, attrition, wedge-shaped defect, erosion.

2. Comprehend the etiology of wedge-shaped defect, diagnosis and treatment of cracked tooth and vertical root fracture.

3. Acquaint with the clinical manifestations of erosion which caused by different types and different sources of acid.

[Teaching Content]

1. The concept of abrasion, attrition, wedge-shaped defect, erosion.

2. The etiology of wedge-shaped defect, diagnosis and treatment of cracked tooth and vertical root fracture.

3. The clinical manifestation of erosion which caused by different types and different sources of acid.

The first section         Abrasion

1. General description

2. Etiology

3. Clinical manifestations

4. Principles of treatment

The second section      Erosion

1. General description

2. Etiology

3. Clinical manifestations

4. Prevention and treatment principles

The third section   Wedge-shaped defect

1. General description

2. Etiology

3. Clinical manifestations

4. Prevention and treatment principles

The fourth section   Cracked tooth

1. General description

2. Etiology

3. Clinical manifestations

4. Prevention and treatment principles

The fifth section    Vertical root fracture

1. General description

2. Etiology

3. Clinical manifestations

 

Chapter Ten   Dentinal Hypersensitivity   

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the main symptoms, grading and inspection method of dentine hypersensitivity

2. Comprehend the treatment principles of dentinal hypersensitivity.

3. Acquaint with the dynamic theory of fluid.

[Teaching Content]

1. The main symptoms, grading and inspection method of dentine hypersensitivity

2. The treatment principles of dentinal hypersensitivity.

3. Dynamic theory of fluid.

1. General description

2. Risk factors

3. Mechanism

4. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis

5. Treatment principles

Chapter Eleven   The Treatment of Non-carious Disease of Dental Hard Tissue

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the main treatment methods of 3 types of abnormal manifestations of non-carious disease of dental hard tissue.

2. Comprehend operation points of internal and external bleaching technique.

3. Acquaint with the main complications of non-vital bleaching technique.

[Teaching Content]

1. The main treatment methods of 3 types of manifestations of non-carious disease of dental hard tissue.

2. Operation points of internal and external bleaching technique.

3. The main complications of non-vital bleaching technique.

1. Dentinal hypersensitivity

2. Dental fluorosis

3. Tetracycline stained teeth

4. Non-vital teeth

 

PART THREE     PULP DISEASES AND PERIAPICAL LESIONS

Chapter Twelve   Physiological Characteristics of Pulpal and Periapical Tissues

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp morphological characteristics of pulp and structural characteristics of dentinoblasts

2. Comprehend the function of dental pulp and the characteristics of the sensory nerve fibers of pulp.

3. Acquaint with age-related changes of dental pulp and age-related changes of dental pulp.

[Teaching Content]

1. Morphological characteristics of pulp and structural characteristics of dentinoblasts

2. The function of dental pulp and the characteristics of the sensory nerve fibers of pulp.

3. Age-related changes of dental pulp and age-related changes of dental pulp.

 Morphological characteristics

 Structural characteristics

1. Formation

2. Nutrition

3. Sensation

4. Defense

The third section         The age-related changes of pulp

1. Volume change
2.
Structural changes
3.
Function change

The fourth section        The physiological characteristics of periapical tissue
1.
 Cementum
2.
 Periodontal membrane
3.
 Alveolar bone

Chapter Thirteen         The Etiology and Pathogenesis

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the effect and mechanism of bacterial factors in dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

2. Grasp the route of infection of pulp disease and periapical lesions.

3. Comprehend the pathogenesis of the bacterial factors and host response.

4. Acquaint with the effect of physical, chemical and immune factors.

[Teaching Content]

1. The effect and mechanism of bacterial factors in dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

2. The route of infection of pulp disease and periapical lesions.

3. The pathogenesis of the bacterial factors and host response.

4. The effect of physical, chemical and immune factors.

The first section    Microbial factors

1. The dominant bacteria and their metabolites
2.
The route of infection

3. Pathogenic mechanism

The second section   Physical factors

1. Trauma

2. Temperature

3. The electric current

4. Laser

1. Filling materials

2. Acid etching agent and adhesive

3. Disinfection drugs

 

Chapter Fourteen    The History-Taking and Clinical Examination

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the content of history-taking and the methods of enquiry.

2. Grasp the principles and method of pulp test

3. Comprehend the selection of imaging examination method and its limitations of clinical application.

4. Acquaint with the application of cone beam CT and dental operating microscope in the diagnosis of pulp disease and periapical lesions.

[Teaching Content]

1. The content of history-taking and the methods of enquiry.

2. The principles and method of pulp test

3. The selection of imaging examination and its limitations of clinical application.

4. The application of cone beam CT and dental operating microscope in the diagnosis of pulp disease and periapical lesions.

The first section    History-taken

1. Chief complaint

2. Present dental illness

3. General disease history

The second section   Clinical examination method

1. Pulp test

2. Imaging examination

Chapter Fifteen   Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Pulp Disease

[Aims and Demands]

1.Grasp clinical diagnostic term, clinical manifestations, main points of diagnosis of different types of pulp diseases.

2..Grasp diagnostic program and differential diagnosis of pulpitis.

3.Comprehend a variety of pathological changes and classification of dental pulp.

4. Acquaint with differential diagnosis of toothache and the diseases which similar with it.
[Teaching Content]

1. Clinical diagnostic term, clinical manifestations, the main points of diagnosis of different types of dental pulp diseases.

2. Diagnostic program and differential diagnosis of pulpitis.

3. A variety of pathological changes and classification of dental pulp.

4. Differential diagnosis of toothache and the diseases which similar with it.

1. The classification of histopathology

2. Clinical classification
The second section   Clinical diagnostic procedure of pulp disease

The third section    The clinical manifestations and the mainpiontof diagnosis of different types of dental pulp disease

1. Reversible pulpitis

2. Irreversible pulpitis

3. Pulp necrosis

4. Pulp calcification

5. Internal resorption

The fourth section    Differential diagnosis of the nonodontogenic toothache

1. Oral and maxillofacial diseases

2. Referred pain from remote pathologic sites

3. Neuropathic pains

4. Neurovascular pains

5. Atypical facial pain

6. Munchausen syndrome

Chapter Sixteen Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Periapical Lesions

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of different types of periapical lesions.

2. Grasp clinical staging, drainage channels and drainage way of acute apical periodontitis.

3. Grasp differential diagnosis between acute apical abscess and acute periodontal abscess.

4. Comprehend typing and pathological changes of chronic apical periodontitis.

5. Acquaint with formation theory of periapical cyst.

[Teaching Content]

1. The clinical manifestation and diagnosis of different types of periapical lesions.

2. Clinical staging, drainage channels and drainage way of acute apical periodontitis.

3. Differential diagnosis between acute apical abscess and acute periodontal abscess.

4. Types and pathological changes of chronic apical periodontitis.

5. Formation theory of periapical cyst.

1. Acute serous apical periodontitis

2. Acute suppurative apical periodontitis

The second section   Chronic apical periodontitis

Chapter Seventeen   Treatment Overview of Pulp Disease and Periapical Lesions

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp treatment principles and emergency treatment measures of dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

2. Comprehend rubber dam isolation, the common method of local anesthesia and devitalization of dental pulp.

3. Acquaint with treatment plan of dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

[Teaching Content]

1. Treatment principles and emergency treatment measures of dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

2. Rubber dam isolation, the common method of local anesthesia and devitalization of dental pulp.

3. Treatment plan of dental pulp disease and periapical lesions.

The first section     Treatment principles and treatment plan

1. The treatment principles

2. The treatment plan

The second section   Cases selection

1. The state of patients

2. The state of teeth

The third section      Preoperative infection control

1. Isolation of the operation area

2. The cleaning, disinfection and sterilization methods of instruments

3. Monitoring the sterilization procedure

4. The basic protective measures

The fourth section        Pain control
1.
Local anesthesia

2. Devitalization

1. Opening the pulp chamber and achieving drainage

2. Incision and drainage

3. The removal of stimulus

4. Occlusal adjustment

5. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic

Chapter Eighteen   Vital Pulp Therapy and Apexification

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the principles and the indications of direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping and pulpotomy.

2. Grasp the repair mechanism and the types of healing of apexification.

3. Comprehend operation steps of direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping and apexification.

4. Acquaint with principles and operation steps of the apical barrier technique.

[Teaching Content]

1. The principles and indications of direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping and pulpotomy .

2. The repair mechanism and types of healing of apexification.

3. Procedure operation of direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping and apexification.

4. Principles and operation steps of the apical barrier technique.

The first section    Pulp capping

1. Direct pulp capping

2. Indirect pulp capping

The second section      Pulpotomy

1. The principles

2. Indications

3. Operation steps

4. Prognosis and outcome

5. Complications and treatment

1. General description

2. Indications

3. Operation steps

4. The matters needing attention

5. Repair mechanisms and types of healing

1. The principles

2. Indications

3. Operation steps

4. Prognosis

Chapter Nineteen    Root Canal Therapy

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the concept of root canal therapy, case selection and operation principles.

2. Comprehend principles and criteria for evaluation of root canal therapy.

3. Acquaint with the development of root canal therapy.

[Teaching Content]

1. The concept of root canal therapy, cases selection and operation principles.

2. Principles and criteria for evaluation of root canal therapy.

3. The development of root canal therapy.

The first section      The general reviews of root canal therapy

The second section      Principles of root canal therapy

1. Characteristics of root canal infections

2. The types and treatment principles of infected root canals

The third section    Cases selection of root canal therapy

1. Indications

2. Contraindications

The fourth section     The operation principles of root canal therapy

1. Complete removal of the infected tissues of root canal

2. Strict root canal filling and repairment, preventing microleakage occurring

3. Follow the preservation principles

The fifth section    Therapeutic effect and criteria for evaluation of root canal treatment

1. The content of therapeutic evaluation

2. Criteria for evaluation

3. The form of tissues healing

Chapter Twenty   the Anatomy of Pulp Cavity and Access Cavity Preparation

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the anatomic characteristics of the pulp cavities of teeth.

2. Grasp access cavity preparation and application methods of commonly used instrument.

3. Comprehend the anatomical characteristics of root apex.

4. Acquaint with characteristics of root formation.

[Teaching Content]

1. The anatomic characteristics of the pulp cavities of teeth.

2. Access cavity preparation and application methods of commonly used instrument.

3. The anatomical characteristics of root apex.

4. Characteristics of root formation.

The first section    Application anatomy of pulp cavity

1. Morphological characteristics of the root canal of permanent teeth.

2. The characteristics of root formation.

3. Anatomical characteristics of root apex.

The second section      Preparation of the pathway of pulp chamber

1. The instrument for pulp cavity preparation

2. Pulp cavity preparation

Chapter Twenty-one   Root Canal Preparation and Intracanal Disinfection

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the basic steps, the advantages and disadvantages and the matters needing attention of commonly used technology in root canal preparation.

2. Comprehend characteristics of various stainless steel hand instruments and nickel-titanium rotary instruments.

3. Acquaint with the apply of root canal ultrasonic irrigation and disinfection drugs.

[Teaching Content]

1. The basic steps, the advantages and disadvantages and the matters needing attention of commonly used technology in root canal preparation.

2. Characteristics of various hand use stainless steel instruments and nickel-titanium rotary instruments.

3. The apply of root canal ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection drugs.

The first section     The root canal preparation

1. Commonly used instruments in root canal preparation

2. Root canal cleaning

3. Methods of root canal preparation

The second section     Root canal disinfection and temporary closure
1.
Calcium hydroxide

2. Chlorhexidine

3. Temporary cavity filling

Chapter Twenty-two    Root Canal Obturation

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the types and performance of root canal filling material, the lateral condensation technique of root canal filling.

2. Comprehend vertical condensation technique.

3. Acquaint with other types of root canal filling technique.

[Teaching Content]

1. The types and performance of root canal filling material, the lateral condensation technique of root canal filling.

2. Vertical condensation technique.

3. Other types of root canal filling techniques.

The first section     Timing of root canal obturation

The second section   Root canal filling materials

1. The properties of root canal filling material

2. The types and the characteristics of root canal filling material

The third section      Root canal filling techniques

1. Lateral condensation technique

2. Vertical condensation technique

3. Thermoplasticized injectable filling technique

4. Solid-core carrier insertion technique

The fourth section   Evaluation of the quality of root canal obturaton

Chapter Twenty-three   Microscopic Root Canal Therapy and Endodontic Surgery

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the structure and working principles of dental operating microscope, the indications of endodontic surgery.

2. Comprehend the application of dental operating microscope in root canal treatment.

3. Acquaint with the steps and methods of endodontic surgery.

[Teaching Content]

1. The structure and working principles of dental operating microscope, the indications of endodontic surgery

2. The application of dental operating microscope in root canal treatment.

3. The steps and methods of endodontic surgery

The first section   Microscopic root canal therapy

1. Dental operating microscope and treatment instrument

2. Microscopic root canal therapy

The second section   Endodontic surgery

1. Indications and contraindications

2. The preoperative preparation

3. Anesthesia

4. Operation steps

5. Postoperative care and follow-up

Chapter Twenty-four    The Complications of Root Canal Therapy and Root Canal Retreatment

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the methods of preventing the complications of root canal therapy.

2. Grasp the diagnosis of the post-treatment endodontic disease and preoperative evaluation of root canal retreatment.

3. Comprehend the causes and treatment principles of the complications of root canal therapy.

4. Comprehend the principles of management and therapeutic method of the post-treatment endodontic disease.

5. Acquaint with the classifications of complications of root canal therapy

6. Acquaint with the pathogenesis of the post-treatment endodontic disease.

[Teaching Content]

1. The methods of preventing the complications of root canal therapy.

2. The diagnosis of the post-treatment endodontic disease and preoperative evaluation of root canal retreatment.

3. The causes and treatment principles of the complications of root canal therapy.

4. The principles of management and therapeutic method of the post-treatment endodontic disease.

5. The types of complications of root canal therapy

6. The pathogenesis of the post-treatment endodontic disease.

The first section     Prevention and management of the complications of root canal therapy

1. Instrument separation

2. Perforation

3. Chemical injuries of soft tissues

4. Accidental acute apical periodontitis

5. Other

The second section     The etiology of the post-treatment endodontic disease

1. Microbial infection

2. Foreign body reaction

3. Periapical cyst

4. Treatment factors

The third section The diagnosis and management principles of the post-treatment endodontic disease

1. Clinical history –taking

2. The examination of the post-treatment endodontic disease

3. The diagnose of the post-treatment endodontic disease

4. The management principles of the post-treatment endodontic disease

The fourth section  Root canal retreatment

1. The indications of root canal retreatment

2. Preoperative evaluation of root canal retreatment

3. Treatment steps of root canal retreatment

Chapter Twenty-five   Dental Restoration after Root Canal Therapy

[Aims and Demands]

1. Grasp the characteristics of teeth after root canal therapy , the importance of dental restoration and repair time.

2. Comprehend materials and methods for dental restoration after root canal therapy.

3. Acquaint with the technical points of dental restorations after root canal therapy.

[Teaching Content]

1.The characteristics of teeth after root canal therapy, the importance of dental restoration and repair time.
2. Materials and methods for dental restoration after root canal therapy

3.The technical points of dental restorations after root canal therapy.
The first section    Reliable dental restoration is an important guarantee for the curative effect of root canal therapy

1. The changes of the physical and chemical characteristics of teeth after root canal therapy

2. Crown restoration after root canal therapy

The second section  The evaluation and selection of methods before dental restorations

1. The evaluation before dental restorations

2. Material selection for dental restorations

3. The choice of restoration methods

The third section   Chair-side dental restoration after root canal therapy

1. The selection of silver amalgam filling restoration

2. The selection of composite resin adhensive restoration

3. The selection of CAD/CAM all-ceramic Chair-side restoration